Croatia's Sources of CO2 Emissions
Key Insights
2024 CO2 Emissions Profile
In 2024, Croatia's net emissions across these sources were about 17.2 megatonnes CO2e. Oil dominated, at about 11.1 megatonnes CO2 (64.6%), followed by gas at 4.9 megatonnes CO2 (28.7%), other fossil sources at 1.5 megatonnes CO2 (8.9%) and coal at 0.9 megatonnes CO2 (5.3%); land-use was a net sink of 1.3 megatonnes CO2 (-7.5%). Over the ten years to 2024, coal fell by about 0.13 megatonnes CO2 per year, while oil and gas edged up; other fossil emissions were stable and the land-use sink weakened slightly.
Historic Coal Emissions
Coal emissions ended at around 0.9 megatonnes CO2 in 2024. Over the ten years to 2024, they declined by about 0.13 megatonnes CO2 per year, a relatively steep fall from an already smaller source of Croatia's emissions.
Historic Oil Emissions
Oil emissions were negligible in 1885, then rose gradually to around 2.3 megatonnes CO2 in 1957. Growth accelerated through the late 1950s and 1960s, reaching around 14.6 megatonnes CO2 by 1979. Emissions peaked at roughly 14.7 megatonnes CO2 in 1986, later dipped to about 8.3 in 2020, and recovered to around 11.1 in 2024.
Historic Gas Emissions
Gas emissions were negligible in 1885 and remained low until reaching around 0.2 megatonnes CO2 in 1960. They then climbed to about 4.2 megatonnes CO2 by 1987. Emissions subsequently varied, peaking at roughly 5.9 megatonnes CO2 in 2007, before ending at around 4.9 in 2024.
Historic Land-use Emissions
Land-use emissions were around 2.2 megatonnes CO2 in 1851 and rose to about 9.4 in 1946. They then declined to around 0.8 in 1973. Thereafter, emissions varied sharply, peaking at roughly 18.9 megatonnes CO2 in 1991 and reaching net removals of about 9.2 in 2003, before ending as net removals of around 1.3 in 2024.
Historic Other Fossil Emissions
Other fossil emissions were near zero through 1921, then climbed to around 1.4 megatonnes CO2 in 1981 and about 2.6 in 2005. They peaked at roughly 2.7 megatonnes CO2 in 2006, then generally declined to around 1.5 in 2024.
Background
The chart shows a national breakdown by source of the yearly CO2 emissions from human activities and processes expressed in megatonnes. It is critical to know and track the sources of national CO2 emissions in order to understand their individual impacts on climate change.
The sources of human CO2 emissions are
- CO2 From Fossil Fuels and Industry: coal, oil, gas combustion, other fossil processes
- CO2 From Land-Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry
Coal, oil and gas combustion
Fossil fuel CO2 emissions from the combustion of coal, oil and gas are emitted by processes in electricity generation, transport, industry, and the building sector. All processes can be linked to human activities. Examples include driving cars with combustion engines burning diesel or gas, or electric cars charged by electricity from a power plant that burns coal.
Other fossil processes
Fossil CO2 emissions from other processes include sources like cement manufacturing and production of chemicals and fertilizers. Cement also has an absorption factor highlighted in the absorption breakdown chart.
Land-use change
Human civilization emits CO2 by changing and managing its land. Those emissions come, for example, from deforestation, logging, forest degradation, harvest activities and shifting agriculture cultivation. Land-use change also absorbs considerable amounts of CO2, which is shown in the absorption breakdown chart. Land-use change emits more than it absorbs, so the net effect is still emissions, but less than for coal, oil and gas.
Wikipedia: Greenhouse Gas EmissionsEarth System Science Data: GCP 2020 paper: Section 2.2 Land-use change; Section 2.1 Fossil fuel emissions
IPCC: Annual Report 6, 5.2.1.1 Anthropogenic CO2 emissions
Units and Measures
CO2 emissions are expressed in the total weight in megatonnes per year. 1 Megatonne is equal to 1 million tonnes.
Wikipedia: MegatonneWikipedia: Global warming potential
Tiny help keeps us going
10,000 people are using Climate Change Tracker for free every month. A tiny monthly donation keeps us going!
Cancel anytime. Payments processed by Stripe.com. You can manage, upgrade, cancel, and download receipts in our self service portal on Stripe. Using Stripe you agree to Stripe's Privacy Policy.
More ways to donate
via PayPal
via DonorboxAbout the Data
National CO2 emissions data through 2024 is from the Global Carbon Project and covers fossil sources and land-use change.
The Key Insights paragraph was created using a large language model (LLM) in combination with our data, historic events, and a structured approach for best accuracy by separating the context generation from the interpretation and narrative.
Data Sources
Global Carbon Budget 2025 Global Carbon Budget
Update cycle: yearlyDelay: ~ 10 months after the end of the year. Current year values are estimated and published in November.Credits: Friedlingstein, P., O'Sullivan, M., Jones, M. W., Andrew, R. M., Bakker, D. C. E., Hauck, J., Landschützer, P., Le Quéré, C., Li, H., Luijkx, I. T., Peters, G. P., Peters, W., Pongratz, J., Schwingshackl, C., Sitch, S., Canadell, J. G., Ciais, P., Aas, K., Alin, S. R., Anthoni, P., Barbero, L., Bates, N. R., Bellouin, N., Benoit-Cattin, A., Berghoff, C. F., Bernardello, R., Bopp, L., Brasika, I. B. M., Chamberlain, M. A., Chandra, N., Chevallier, F., Chini, L. P., Collier, N. O., Colligan, T. H., Cronin, M., Djeutchouang, L., Dou, X., Enright, M. P., Enyo, K., Erb, M., Evans, W., Feely, R. A., Feng, L., Ford, D. J., Foster, A., Fransner, F., Gasser, T., Gehlen, M., Gkritzalis, T., Goncalves De Souza, J., Grassi, G., Gregor, L., Gruber, N., Guenet, B., Gürses, Ö., Harrington, K., Harris, I., Heinke, J., Hurtt, G. C., Iida, Y., Ilyina, T., Ito, A., Jacobson, A. R., Jain, A. K., Jarníková, T., Jersild, A., Jiang, F., Jones, S. D., Kato, E., Keeling, R. F., Klein Goldewijk, K., Knauer, J., Kong, Y., Korsbakken, J. I., Koven, C., Kunimitsu, T., Lan, X., Liu, J., Liu, Z., Liu, Z., Lo Monaco, C., Ma, L., Marland, G., McGuire, P. C., McKinley, G. A., Melton, J., Monacci, N., Monier, E., Morgan, E. J., Munro, D. R., Müller, J. D., Nakaoka, S.-I., Nayagam, L. R., Niwa, Y., Nutzel, T., Olsen, A., Omar, A. M., Pan, N., Pandey, S., Pierrot, D., Qin, Z., Regnier, P. A. G., Rehder, G., Resplandy, L., Roobaert, A., Rosan, T. M., Rödenbeck, C., Schwinger, J., Skjelvan, I., Smallman, T. L., Spada, V., Sreeush, M. G., Sun, Q., Sutton, A. J., Sweeney, C., Swingedouw, D., Séférian, R., Takao, S., Tatebe, H., Tian, H., Tian, X., Tilbrook, B., Tsujino, H., Tubiello, F., van Ooijen, E., van der Werf, G., van de Velde, S. J., Walker, A., Wanninkhof, R., Yang, X., Yuan, W., Yue, X., and Zeng, J.: Global Carbon Budget 2025, Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-659, in review, 2025.