Tajikistan's Sources of CO2 Emissions
Key Insights
2024 CO2 Emissions Profile
Tajikistan's CO2 emissions totalled around 10.7 megatonnes CO2e in 2024. Coal was the largest source, at roughly 4.4 megatonnes CO2 (40.7%), followed by oil at 3.8 megatonnes CO2 (35.1%) and other fossil sources at 2.2 megatonnes CO2 (20.0%). Over the ten years to 2024, coal, oil and other fossil emissions all rose, while gas increased from a low base and land-use emissions declined to near zero.
Historic Coal Emissions
Coal emissions were negligible through the early twentieth century, then rose from around 0.1 megatonnes CO2 in the late 1920s to roughly 2.2 in 1980. They subsequently fell sharply, reaching a low near zero in the mid-1990s, before accelerating after 2007. Coal reached its record high of around 4.4 megatonnes CO2 in 2024.
Historic Oil Emissions
Oil emissions became material after the 1920s and climbed strongly from roughly 1.1 megatonnes CO2 in the early 1950s to a peak of around 7.3 in 1985. They then dropped steeply to about 0.6 in 1996. Oil emissions recovered gradually thereafter, ending at around 3.8 megatonnes CO2 in 2024.
Historic Gas Emissions
Gas emissions remained very small until the mid-twentieth century, then increased to around 3.9 megatonnes CO2 by the late 1980s. They peaked at roughly 4.3 in 1989 before a long decline, including a low close to zero in 2017. Gas emissions recovered to around 0.4 megatonnes CO2 in 2024.
Historic Land-use Emissions
Land-use emissions were around 0.9 megatonnes CO2 in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, before rising sharply after the late 1940s. They peaked at roughly 7.4 megatonnes CO2 in 1959, then declined over subsequent decades and briefly became net negative around 2011. They ended near zero, at around 0.001 megatonnes CO2 in 2024.
Historic Other Fossil Emissions
Other fossil emissions were negligible until the late 1950s and remained below around 0.7 megatonnes CO2 through the late 1980s. They declined to very low levels around the turn of the century, then rose rapidly after 2010. Other fossil emissions reached around 2.2 megatonnes CO2 in 2024, matching their peak level.
Background
The chart shows a national breakdown by source of the yearly CO2 emissions from human activities and processes expressed in megatonnes. It is critical to know and track the sources of national CO2 emissions in order to understand their individual impacts on climate change.
The sources of human CO2 emissions are
- CO2 From Fossil Fuels and Industry: coal, oil, gas combustion, other fossil processes
- CO2 From Land-Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry
Coal, oil and gas combustion
Fossil fuel CO2 emissions from the combustion of coal, oil and gas are emitted by processes in electricity generation, transport, industry, and the building sector. All processes can be linked to human activities. Examples include driving cars with combustion engines burning diesel or gas, or electric cars charged by electricity from a power plant that burns coal.
Other fossil processes
Fossil CO2 emissions from other processes include sources like cement manufacturing and production of chemicals and fertilizers. Cement also has an absorption factor highlighted in the absorption breakdown chart.
Land-use change
Human civilization emits CO2 by changing and managing its land. Those emissions come, for example, from deforestation, logging, forest degradation, harvest activities and shifting agriculture cultivation. Land-use change also absorbs considerable amounts of CO2, which is shown in the absorption breakdown chart. Land-use change emits more than it absorbs, so the net effect is still emissions, but less than for coal, oil and gas.
Wikipedia: Greenhouse Gas EmissionsEarth System Science Data: GCP 2020 paper: Section 2.2 Land-use change; Section 2.1 Fossil fuel emissions
IPCC: Annual Report 6, 5.2.1.1 Anthropogenic CO2 emissions
Units and Measures
CO2 emissions are expressed in the total weight in megatonnes per year. 1 Megatonne is equal to 1 million tonnes.
Wikipedia: MegatonneWikipedia: Global warming potential
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National CO2 emissions data through 2024 is from the Global Carbon Project and covers fossil sources and land-use change.
The Key Insights paragraph was created using a large language model (LLM) in combination with our data, historic events, and a structured approach for best accuracy by separating the context generation from the interpretation and narrative.
Data Sources
Global Carbon Budget 2025 Global Carbon Budget
Update cycle: yearlyDelay: ~ 10 months after the end of the year. Current year values are estimated and published in November.Credits: Friedlingstein, P., O'Sullivan, M., Jones, M. W., Andrew, R. M., Bakker, D. C. E., Hauck, J., Landschützer, P., Le Quéré, C., Li, H., Luijkx, I. T., Peters, G. P., Peters, W., Pongratz, J., Schwingshackl, C., Sitch, S., Canadell, J. G., Ciais, P., Aas, K., Alin, S. R., Anthoni, P., Barbero, L., Bates, N. R., Bellouin, N., Benoit-Cattin, A., Berghoff, C. F., Bernardello, R., Bopp, L., Brasika, I. B. M., Chamberlain, M. A., Chandra, N., Chevallier, F., Chini, L. P., Collier, N. O., Colligan, T. H., Cronin, M., Djeutchouang, L., Dou, X., Enright, M. P., Enyo, K., Erb, M., Evans, W., Feely, R. A., Feng, L., Ford, D. J., Foster, A., Fransner, F., Gasser, T., Gehlen, M., Gkritzalis, T., Goncalves De Souza, J., Grassi, G., Gregor, L., Gruber, N., Guenet, B., Gürses, Ö., Harrington, K., Harris, I., Heinke, J., Hurtt, G. C., Iida, Y., Ilyina, T., Ito, A., Jacobson, A. R., Jain, A. K., Jarníková, T., Jersild, A., Jiang, F., Jones, S. D., Kato, E., Keeling, R. F., Klein Goldewijk, K., Knauer, J., Kong, Y., Korsbakken, J. I., Koven, C., Kunimitsu, T., Lan, X., Liu, J., Liu, Z., Liu, Z., Lo Monaco, C., Ma, L., Marland, G., McGuire, P. C., McKinley, G. A., Melton, J., Monacci, N., Monier, E., Morgan, E. J., Munro, D. R., Müller, J. D., Nakaoka, S.-I., Nayagam, L. R., Niwa, Y., Nutzel, T., Olsen, A., Omar, A. M., Pan, N., Pandey, S., Pierrot, D., Qin, Z., Regnier, P. A. G., Rehder, G., Resplandy, L., Roobaert, A., Rosan, T. M., Rödenbeck, C., Schwinger, J., Skjelvan, I., Smallman, T. L., Spada, V., Sreeush, M. G., Sun, Q., Sutton, A. J., Sweeney, C., Swingedouw, D., Séférian, R., Takao, S., Tatebe, H., Tian, H., Tian, X., Tilbrook, B., Tsujino, H., Tubiello, F., van Ooijen, E., van der Werf, G., van de Velde, S. J., Walker, A., Wanninkhof, R., Yang, X., Yuan, W., Yue, X., and Zeng, J.: Global Carbon Budget 2025, Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-659, in review, 2025.