Niger's Sources of CO2 Emissions
Key Insights
2024 CO2 Emissions Profile
Niger's CO2 emissions totalled around 7.8 megatonnes CO2e in 2024. Land-use was largest at roughly 4.7 megatonnes CO2, or 59.5%, followed by oil at about 2.7 megatonnes CO2 (34%). Coal contributed 0.3 megatonnes CO2 (3.8%), while gas and other fossil sources each supplied about 0.1 megatonnes CO2. Over the ten years to 2024, land-use emissions declined sharply, oil rose, coal edged down, and other fossil emissions were broadly steady.
Historic Coal Emissions
Coal emissions were negligible for much of the earlier record, then rose sharply from about 0.05 megatonnes CO2 in 1980 to 0.4 in the mid-1980s. They peaked at roughly 0.45 megatonnes CO2 in 1989, fell during the early 1990s, and later fluctuated at lower levels. Emissions were around 0.3 megatonnes CO2 in 2024.
Historic Oil Emissions
Oil emissions rose gradually from around 0.02 megatonnes CO2 in 1950 to roughly 0.6 in the mid-1980s, before falling to about 0.3 in 1992. Growth accelerated after 2007, reaching a peak of around 2.7 megatonnes CO2 in 2022. Oil emissions remained close to that level, at roughly 2.7 megatonnes CO2 in 2024.
Historic Gas Emissions
Gas emissions were effectively absent until the late 2010s. They rose from around 0.07 megatonnes CO2 in 2019 and peaked at roughly 0.12 in 2021, before easing slightly. Gas emissions were about 0.1 megatonnes CO2 in 2024.
Historic Land-use Emissions
Land-use emissions rose from roughly 0.6 megatonnes CO2 in 1851 to more than 36 by 1959, then fell dramatically to a net removal of around 14 megatonnes CO2 in 1987. They rebounded and peaked at about 51 megatonnes CO2 in 1991, before declining overall. Land-use emissions were roughly 4.7 megatonnes CO2 in 2024.
Historic Other Fossil Emissions
Other fossil emissions remained very low through most of the record, reaching around 0.03 megatonnes CO2 in the early 1970s. They rose abruptly to about 0.12 in 2012 and peaked near 0.2 in 2013, then declined unevenly. Emissions were around 0.1 megatonnes CO2 in 2024.
Background
The chart shows a national breakdown by source of the yearly CO2 emissions from human activities and processes expressed in megatonnes. It is critical to know and track the sources of national CO2 emissions in order to understand their individual impacts on climate change.
The sources of human CO2 emissions are
- CO2 From Fossil Fuels and Industry: coal, oil, gas combustion, other fossil processes
- CO2 From Land-Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry
Coal, oil and gas combustion
Fossil fuel CO2 emissions from the combustion of coal, oil and gas are emitted by processes in electricity generation, transport, industry, and the building sector. All processes can be linked to human activities. Examples include driving cars with combustion engines burning diesel or gas, or electric cars charged by electricity from a power plant that burns coal.
Other fossil processes
Fossil CO2 emissions from other processes include sources like cement manufacturing and production of chemicals and fertilizers. Cement also has an absorption factor highlighted in the absorption breakdown chart.
Land-use change
Human civilization emits CO2 by changing and managing its land. Those emissions come, for example, from deforestation, logging, forest degradation, harvest activities and shifting agriculture cultivation. Land-use change also absorbs considerable amounts of CO2, which is shown in the absorption breakdown chart. Land-use change emits more than it absorbs, so the net effect is still emissions, but less than for coal, oil and gas.
Wikipedia: Greenhouse Gas EmissionsEarth System Science Data: GCP 2020 paper: Section 2.2 Land-use change; Section 2.1 Fossil fuel emissions
IPCC: Annual Report 6, 5.2.1.1 Anthropogenic CO2 emissions
Units and Measures
CO2 emissions are expressed in the total weight in megatonnes per year. 1 Megatonne is equal to 1 million tonnes.
Wikipedia: MegatonneWikipedia: Global warming potential
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National CO2 emissions data through 2024 is from the Global Carbon Project and covers fossil sources and land-use change.
The Key Insights paragraph was created using a large language model (LLM) in combination with our data, historic events, and a structured approach for best accuracy by separating the context generation from the interpretation and narrative.
Data Sources
Global Carbon Budget 2025 Global Carbon Budget
Update cycle: yearlyDelay: ~ 10 months after the end of the year. Current year values are estimated and published in November.Credits: Friedlingstein, P., O'Sullivan, M., Jones, M. W., Andrew, R. M., Bakker, D. C. E., Hauck, J., Landschützer, P., Le Quéré, C., Li, H., Luijkx, I. T., Peters, G. P., Peters, W., Pongratz, J., Schwingshackl, C., Sitch, S., Canadell, J. G., Ciais, P., Aas, K., Alin, S. R., Anthoni, P., Barbero, L., Bates, N. R., Bellouin, N., Benoit-Cattin, A., Berghoff, C. F., Bernardello, R., Bopp, L., Brasika, I. B. M., Chamberlain, M. A., Chandra, N., Chevallier, F., Chini, L. P., Collier, N. O., Colligan, T. H., Cronin, M., Djeutchouang, L., Dou, X., Enright, M. P., Enyo, K., Erb, M., Evans, W., Feely, R. A., Feng, L., Ford, D. J., Foster, A., Fransner, F., Gasser, T., Gehlen, M., Gkritzalis, T., Goncalves De Souza, J., Grassi, G., Gregor, L., Gruber, N., Guenet, B., Gürses, Ö., Harrington, K., Harris, I., Heinke, J., Hurtt, G. C., Iida, Y., Ilyina, T., Ito, A., Jacobson, A. R., Jain, A. K., Jarníková, T., Jersild, A., Jiang, F., Jones, S. D., Kato, E., Keeling, R. F., Klein Goldewijk, K., Knauer, J., Kong, Y., Korsbakken, J. I., Koven, C., Kunimitsu, T., Lan, X., Liu, J., Liu, Z., Liu, Z., Lo Monaco, C., Ma, L., Marland, G., McGuire, P. C., McKinley, G. A., Melton, J., Monacci, N., Monier, E., Morgan, E. J., Munro, D. R., Müller, J. D., Nakaoka, S.-I., Nayagam, L. R., Niwa, Y., Nutzel, T., Olsen, A., Omar, A. M., Pan, N., Pandey, S., Pierrot, D., Qin, Z., Regnier, P. A. G., Rehder, G., Resplandy, L., Roobaert, A., Rosan, T. M., Rödenbeck, C., Schwinger, J., Skjelvan, I., Smallman, T. L., Spada, V., Sreeush, M. G., Sun, Q., Sutton, A. J., Sweeney, C., Swingedouw, D., Séférian, R., Takao, S., Tatebe, H., Tian, H., Tian, X., Tilbrook, B., Tsujino, H., Tubiello, F., van Ooijen, E., van der Werf, G., van de Velde, S. J., Walker, A., Wanninkhof, R., Yang, X., Yuan, W., Yue, X., and Zeng, J.: Global Carbon Budget 2025, Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-659, in review, 2025.