Saint Vincent and the Grenadines' Sources of N2O Emissions
Key Insights
Agricultural Influence on Emissions
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines has seen a notable impact on its N₂O emissions from agricultural activities. The introduction of sugar plantations in the 19th century and the expansion of the banana industry in the late 1960s likely contributed to increased emissions due to land-use changes and fertilizer use. These activities have historically been the primary source of N₂O emissions, peaking in the late 20th century before experiencing a gradual decline.
Energy and Waste Contributions
While agriculture remains the dominant source, energy and waste sectors have also contributed to N₂O emissions, albeit to a lesser extent. The introduction of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) for cooking in the 1990s marked a shift towards cleaner energy, potentially reducing emissions from traditional biomass fuels. Additionally, renewable energy initiatives launched in 2009 aimed to further decrease reliance on fossil fuels, contributing to a more sustainable energy landscape.
Volcanic Eruptions and Environmental Impact
The eruptions of La Soufrière volcano in 1979 and 2021 had temporary impacts on local emissions. Although volcanic CO₂ emissions are minor compared to anthropogenic sources, these events highlight the region's vulnerability to natural phenomena. The primary environmental concerns during these eruptions were related to ash and particulate matter rather than long-term greenhouse gas emissions.
Background
The chart shows a national breakdown by source of the yearly nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from human activities and processes, expressed as weight in megatonnes (Mt). Human-induced emissions are the main driver of the increasing atmospheric nitrous oxide that is warming our planet. The sources of human nitrous oxide emissions are
- Agriculture
- Energy
- Industry
- Waste
- Other
Agriculture
Emissions related to agriculture are mainly from the use of synthetic fertilizers and manure management.
Synthetic fertilizer, used for agricultural processes, contains a lot of nitrogen. That nitrogen in the soil reacts and causes considerable N2O emissions. The use of excess fertilizer, meaning more fertilizer than the plants can use to grow, causes even higher relative emissions. Applying the right amount of fertilizer at the right time can reduce N2O emissions. There are many technical solutions to reduce emissions while keeping, or even increasing, agricultural yields.
When manure is left on the field or otherwise managed in dry processes, it emits considerable amounts of nitrous oxide. Manure can be managed by wet processes, which reduces nitrous oxide emissions but increases methane emissions. Some technical solutions focus on modifying the animal feed to reduce the nitrogen in the manure, thereby reducing nitrous oxide emissions.
Energy, Industry, Waste, and Other
All non-agricultural categories together have much lower emissions than agricultural emissions alone.
N2O emissions related to energy are almost all from the combustion of fossil fuels. For example, the combustion of fossil fuels in power plants, cars, and airplanes not only causes CO2 emissions but also emits nitrous oxide (N2O). Any advances to reducing fossil fuel dependency will thus also reduce nitrous oxide emissions.
Most industry-related emissions are from the chemical industry for producing fertilizer, nylon, and similar products. Technologies are available to reduce emissions in these processes.
Nitrous oxide emissions from waste come from, for example, wastewater treatment and landfills.
Wikipedia: Nitrous oxideIPCC: AR6, 5.16 Anthropogenic nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions
Units and Measures
N2O emissions are expressed in the total weight in megatonnes per year. 1 Megatonne is equal to 1 million tonnes.
Wikipedia: MegatonneWikipedia: Global warming potential
About the Data
The last available year in all the emission datasets is 2023. N2O emissions come from the PRIMAP-Hist dataset. It is a rich dataset that combines several published sources to create a historical emissions time series for various greenhouse gases.
The Key Insights paragraph was generated using a large language model (LLM) using a structured approach to improve the accuracy. This included separating the context generation from the interpretation and narrative.
Data Sources
PRIMAP-hist The PRIMAP-hist national historical emissions time series (1750-2023)
Update cycle: Every few monthsDelay: Less than 1 yearCredits: Gütschow, Johannes; Busch, Daniel; Pflüger, Mika (2024): The PRIMAP-hist national historical emissions time series (1750-2023) v2.6. Zenodo.