Syrian Arab Republic's Sources of CO2 Emissions
Key Insights
2024 CO2 Emissions Profile
In 2024, Syrian Arab Republic's emissions across these sources totalled around 28.4 megatonnes CO2e. Oil dominated, at around 23.6 megatonnes CO2 and 83%, rising by about 0.21 megatonnes CO2 per year over the ten years to 2024. Gas contributed 4.8 megatonnes CO2, or 17%, and declined by around 0.33 megatonnes CO2 per year. Other Fossil emissions were 3.4 megatonnes CO2, up about 0.18 annually, while Land-use absorbed 3.4 megatonnes CO2. Coal was negligible at 0.007 megatonnes CO2.
Historic Coal Emissions
Coal emissions remained extremely small from 1950, fluctuating below around 0.02 megatonnes CO2. They peaked at roughly 0.03 megatonnes CO2 in 1982, fell to zero by 1989, then partly recovered during the 1990s. In 2024, coal emissions were around 0.007 megatonnes CO2.
Historic Oil Emissions
Oil emissions rose from around 0.4 megatonnes CO2 in 1950 to about 7 megatonnes CO2 by 1973, then increased rapidly through the 1970s and early 1980s. They peaked at roughly 53 megatonnes CO2 in 2008 before declining substantially to around 23.6 megatonnes CO2 in 2024.
Historic Gas Emissions
Gas emissions began near zero in the late 1960s and rose to around 0.7 megatonnes CO2 by 1986. Growth accelerated through the 1990s, and emissions peaked at roughly 17.9 megatonnes CO2 in 2010. They then fell steadily, reaching around 4.8 megatonnes CO2 in 2024.
Historic Land-use Emissions
Land-use emissions varied substantially over the long term, shifting from small emissions to a net absorption of around 0.5 megatonnes CO2 by 1928. They then rose sharply and peaked at roughly 13 megatonnes CO2 in 1960, before falling. Land-use remained a net sink for much of the period after the early 1980s, absorbing around 3.4 megatonnes CO2 in 2024.
Historic Other Fossil Emissions
Other Fossil emissions were close to zero in the early twentieth century, reaching around 0.5 megatonnes CO2 by 1969. They rose rapidly thereafter and peaked at roughly 9.1 megatonnes CO2 in 1994. Emissions later declined and fluctuated at lower levels, ending at around 3.4 megatonnes CO2 in 2024.
Background
The chart shows a national breakdown by source of the yearly CO2 emissions from human activities and processes expressed in megatonnes. It is critical to know and track the sources of national CO2 emissions in order to understand their individual impacts on climate change.
The sources of human CO2 emissions are
- CO2 From Fossil Fuels and Industry: coal, oil, gas combustion, other fossil processes
- CO2 From Land-Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry
Coal, oil and gas combustion
Fossil fuel CO2 emissions from the combustion of coal, oil and gas are emitted by processes in electricity generation, transport, industry, and the building sector. All processes can be linked to human activities. Examples include driving cars with combustion engines burning diesel or gas, or electric cars charged by electricity from a power plant that burns coal.
Other fossil processes
Fossil CO2 emissions from other processes include sources like cement manufacturing and production of chemicals and fertilizers. Cement also has an absorption factor highlighted in the absorption breakdown chart.
Land-use change
Human civilization emits CO2 by changing and managing its land. Those emissions come, for example, from deforestation, logging, forest degradation, harvest activities and shifting agriculture cultivation. Land-use change also absorbs considerable amounts of CO2, which is shown in the absorption breakdown chart. Land-use change emits more than it absorbs, so the net effect is still emissions, but less than for coal, oil and gas.
Wikipedia: Greenhouse Gas EmissionsEarth System Science Data: GCP 2020 paper: Section 2.2 Land-use change; Section 2.1 Fossil fuel emissions
IPCC: Annual Report 6, 5.2.1.1 Anthropogenic CO2 emissions
Units and Measures
CO2 emissions are expressed in the total weight in megatonnes per year. 1 Megatonne is equal to 1 million tonnes.
Wikipedia: MegatonneWikipedia: Global warming potential
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National CO2 emissions data through 2024 is from the Global Carbon Project and covers fossil sources and land-use change.
The Key Insights paragraph was created using a large language model (LLM) in combination with our data, historic events, and a structured approach for best accuracy by separating the context generation from the interpretation and narrative.
Data Sources
Global Carbon Budget 2025 Global Carbon Budget
Update cycle: yearlyDelay: ~ 10 months after the end of the year. Current year values are estimated and published in November.Credits: Friedlingstein, P., O'Sullivan, M., Jones, M. W., Andrew, R. M., Bakker, D. C. E., Hauck, J., Landschützer, P., Le Quéré, C., Li, H., Luijkx, I. T., Peters, G. P., Peters, W., Pongratz, J., Schwingshackl, C., Sitch, S., Canadell, J. G., Ciais, P., Aas, K., Alin, S. R., Anthoni, P., Barbero, L., Bates, N. R., Bellouin, N., Benoit-Cattin, A., Berghoff, C. F., Bernardello, R., Bopp, L., Brasika, I. B. M., Chamberlain, M. A., Chandra, N., Chevallier, F., Chini, L. P., Collier, N. O., Colligan, T. H., Cronin, M., Djeutchouang, L., Dou, X., Enright, M. P., Enyo, K., Erb, M., Evans, W., Feely, R. A., Feng, L., Ford, D. J., Foster, A., Fransner, F., Gasser, T., Gehlen, M., Gkritzalis, T., Goncalves De Souza, J., Grassi, G., Gregor, L., Gruber, N., Guenet, B., Gürses, Ö., Harrington, K., Harris, I., Heinke, J., Hurtt, G. C., Iida, Y., Ilyina, T., Ito, A., Jacobson, A. R., Jain, A. K., Jarníková, T., Jersild, A., Jiang, F., Jones, S. D., Kato, E., Keeling, R. F., Klein Goldewijk, K., Knauer, J., Kong, Y., Korsbakken, J. I., Koven, C., Kunimitsu, T., Lan, X., Liu, J., Liu, Z., Liu, Z., Lo Monaco, C., Ma, L., Marland, G., McGuire, P. C., McKinley, G. A., Melton, J., Monacci, N., Monier, E., Morgan, E. J., Munro, D. R., Müller, J. D., Nakaoka, S.-I., Nayagam, L. R., Niwa, Y., Nutzel, T., Olsen, A., Omar, A. M., Pan, N., Pandey, S., Pierrot, D., Qin, Z., Regnier, P. A. G., Rehder, G., Resplandy, L., Roobaert, A., Rosan, T. M., Rödenbeck, C., Schwinger, J., Skjelvan, I., Smallman, T. L., Spada, V., Sreeush, M. G., Sun, Q., Sutton, A. J., Sweeney, C., Swingedouw, D., Séférian, R., Takao, S., Tatebe, H., Tian, H., Tian, X., Tilbrook, B., Tsujino, H., Tubiello, F., van Ooijen, E., van der Werf, G., van de Velde, S. J., Walker, A., Wanninkhof, R., Yang, X., Yuan, W., Yue, X., and Zeng, J.: Global Carbon Budget 2025, Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-659, in review, 2025.