Uzbekistan's Sources of CO2 Emissions
Key Insights
2024 CO2 Emissions Profile
Uzbekistan's CO2 emissions totalled about 140 megatonnes CO2e in 2024. Gas dominated, at roughly 104 megatonnes CO2 and 74% of national emissions, rising by about 1.8 megatonnes CO2 per year over the ten years to 2024. Coal contributed nearly 20 megatonnes CO2 (14%), with rapid growth of around 1.4 megatonnes annually. Oil supplied about 12 megatonnes CO2 (8%), edging upward, while other fossil sources fell to roughly 4 megatonnes CO2 (3%). Land-use emissions were about 0.6 megatonnes CO2, also declining.
Historic Coal Emissions
Coal emissions began at negligible levels in the late nineteenth century, briefly reaching around 1.3 megatonnes CO2 in 1913. They then climbed to roughly 9 megatonnes CO2 by 1956, before varying and generally declining to around 5 megatonnes in 2009. Growth resumed thereafter and accelerated sharply after 2021, reaching a peak of about 20 megatonnes CO2 in 2024.
Historic Oil Emissions
Oil emissions were low through the early twentieth century, then rose from about 1 megatonne CO2 in the mid-1920s to a peak of roughly 36 megatonnes CO2 in 1980. They declined steadily for three decades, reaching around 10 megatonnes CO2 in 2011. Oil emissions subsequently remained relatively stable, ending at about 12 megatonnes CO2 in 2024.
Historic Gas Emissions
Gas emissions were negligible until the middle of the twentieth century, then rose rapidly from around 2 megatonnes CO2 in 1954 to roughly 56 megatonnes in 1985. Growth continued into the late 1990s, when emissions approached 97 megatonnes CO2. They later fluctuated, falling to about 76 megatonnes in 2018 before recovering to a peak of roughly 104 megatonnes CO2 in 2024.
Historic Land-use Emissions
Land-use emissions began at around 4 megatonnes CO2 in the mid-nineteenth century and stayed near 6 megatonnes by the late 1940s. They then surged to a peak of roughly 24 megatonnes CO2 in 1959, before falling sharply. Emissions declined over the following decades, briefly becoming a net removal of around 0.7 megatonnes CO2 in 2012, and ended near 0.6 megatonnes CO2 in 2024.
Historic Other Fossil Emissions
Other fossil emissions were negligible until the mid-twentieth century, rising to nearly 5 megatonnes CO2 by the early 1970s. They then varied at moderate levels, dipping to around 2 megatonnes CO2 in 1993 and peaking at roughly 8 megatonnes in 2008. Emissions declined after 2012 and ended at about 4 megatonnes CO2 in 2024.
Background
The chart shows a national breakdown by source of the yearly CO2 emissions from human activities and processes expressed in megatonnes. It is critical to know and track the sources of national CO2 emissions in order to understand their individual impacts on climate change.
The sources of human CO2 emissions are
- CO2 From Fossil Fuels and Industry: coal, oil, gas combustion, other fossil processes
- CO2 From Land-Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry
Coal, oil and gas combustion
Fossil fuel CO2 emissions from the combustion of coal, oil and gas are emitted by processes in electricity generation, transport, industry, and the building sector. All processes can be linked to human activities. Examples include driving cars with combustion engines burning diesel or gas, or electric cars charged by electricity from a power plant that burns coal.
Other fossil processes
Fossil CO2 emissions from other processes include sources like cement manufacturing and production of chemicals and fertilizers. Cement also has an absorption factor highlighted in the absorption breakdown chart.
Land-use change
Human civilization emits CO2 by changing and managing its land. Those emissions come, for example, from deforestation, logging, forest degradation, harvest activities and shifting agriculture cultivation. Land-use change also absorbs considerable amounts of CO2, which is shown in the absorption breakdown chart. Land-use change emits more than it absorbs, so the net effect is still emissions, but less than for coal, oil and gas.
Wikipedia: Greenhouse Gas EmissionsEarth System Science Data: GCP 2020 paper: Section 2.2 Land-use change; Section 2.1 Fossil fuel emissions
IPCC: Annual Report 6, 5.2.1.1 Anthropogenic CO2 emissions
Units and Measures
CO2 emissions are expressed in the total weight in megatonnes per year. 1 Megatonne is equal to 1 million tonnes.
Wikipedia: MegatonneWikipedia: Global warming potential
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National CO2 emissions data through 2024 is from the Global Carbon Project and covers fossil sources and land-use change.
The Key Insights paragraph was created using a large language model (LLM) in combination with our data, historic events, and a structured approach for best accuracy by separating the context generation from the interpretation and narrative.
Data Sources
Global Carbon Budget 2025 Global Carbon Budget
Update cycle: yearlyDelay: ~ 10 months after the end of the year. Current year values are estimated and published in November.Credits: Friedlingstein, P., O'Sullivan, M., Jones, M. W., Andrew, R. M., Bakker, D. C. E., Hauck, J., Landschützer, P., Le Quéré, C., Li, H., Luijkx, I. T., Peters, G. P., Peters, W., Pongratz, J., Schwingshackl, C., Sitch, S., Canadell, J. G., Ciais, P., Aas, K., Alin, S. R., Anthoni, P., Barbero, L., Bates, N. R., Bellouin, N., Benoit-Cattin, A., Berghoff, C. F., Bernardello, R., Bopp, L., Brasika, I. B. M., Chamberlain, M. A., Chandra, N., Chevallier, F., Chini, L. P., Collier, N. O., Colligan, T. H., Cronin, M., Djeutchouang, L., Dou, X., Enright, M. P., Enyo, K., Erb, M., Evans, W., Feely, R. A., Feng, L., Ford, D. J., Foster, A., Fransner, F., Gasser, T., Gehlen, M., Gkritzalis, T., Goncalves De Souza, J., Grassi, G., Gregor, L., Gruber, N., Guenet, B., Gürses, Ö., Harrington, K., Harris, I., Heinke, J., Hurtt, G. C., Iida, Y., Ilyina, T., Ito, A., Jacobson, A. R., Jain, A. K., Jarníková, T., Jersild, A., Jiang, F., Jones, S. D., Kato, E., Keeling, R. F., Klein Goldewijk, K., Knauer, J., Kong, Y., Korsbakken, J. I., Koven, C., Kunimitsu, T., Lan, X., Liu, J., Liu, Z., Liu, Z., Lo Monaco, C., Ma, L., Marland, G., McGuire, P. C., McKinley, G. A., Melton, J., Monacci, N., Monier, E., Morgan, E. J., Munro, D. R., Müller, J. D., Nakaoka, S.-I., Nayagam, L. R., Niwa, Y., Nutzel, T., Olsen, A., Omar, A. M., Pan, N., Pandey, S., Pierrot, D., Qin, Z., Regnier, P. A. G., Rehder, G., Resplandy, L., Roobaert, A., Rosan, T. M., Rödenbeck, C., Schwinger, J., Skjelvan, I., Smallman, T. L., Spada, V., Sreeush, M. G., Sun, Q., Sutton, A. J., Sweeney, C., Swingedouw, D., Séférian, R., Takao, S., Tatebe, H., Tian, H., Tian, X., Tilbrook, B., Tsujino, H., Tubiello, F., van Ooijen, E., van der Werf, G., van de Velde, S. J., Walker, A., Wanninkhof, R., Yang, X., Yuan, W., Yue, X., and Zeng, J.: Global Carbon Budget 2025, Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-659, in review, 2025.